Journal of Movement Disorders

Brief communication

Evaluating the validity and reliability of the Korean version of Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease–Cognition: Jinse Park, Eung Seok Oh, Seong-Beom Koh, In-Uk Song, Tae-Beom Ahn, Sang Jin Kim, Sang-Myung Cheon, Yun Joong Kim, Jin Whan Cho, Hyeo-Il Ma, Mee-Young Park, Jong Sam Baik, Phil Hyu Lee, Sun Ju Chung, Jong-Min Kim, Han-Joon Kim, Young-Hee Sung, Do Young Kwon, Jae-Hyeok Lee, Jee-Young Lee, Ji Sun Kim, Ji Young Yun, Hee Jin Kim, Jin Young Hong, Mi-Jung Kim, Jinyoung Youn, Ji Seon Kim, Hui-Jun Yang, Won Tae Yoon, Sooyeoun You, Kyum-Yil Kwon, Su-Yun Lee, Younsoo Kim, Hee-Tae Kim, Joong-Seok Kim, Ji-Young Kim; Received March 8, 2024 Accepted April 2, 2024 Published online April 3, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.24061 [Accepted]

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Abstract PDF: Objective
The Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease–Cognition (SCOPA-Cog) was developed to screen for cognition in PD. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the SCOPA-cog.
Methods
We recruited 129 PD patients from 31 clinics with movement disorders in South Korea. The original version of the SCOPA-cognition was translated into Korean using the translation-retranslation method. The test-rest method with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient were used to assess reliability. The Spearman’s Rank correlation analysis with Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Korean version (MOCA-K) and Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) were used to assess concurrent validity.
Results
The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.797, and the ICC was 0.887. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis showed a significant correlation with the K-MMSE and MOCA-K scores (r = 0.546 and r = 0.683, respectively).
Conclusions
Our results demonstrate that K-SCOPA-Cog exhibits good reliability and validity.

Viewpoint

A practical guide for clinical approach to patients with Huntington’s disease in Korea: Chaewon Shin, Ryul Kim, Dallah Yoo, Eungseok Oh, Jangsup Moon, Minkyeong Kim, Jee-Young Lee, Jong-Min Kim, Seong-Beom Koh, Manho Kim, Beomseok Jeon; Received February 19, 2024 Accepted March 12, 2024 Published online March 12, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.24040 [Accepted]

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Original Article

Caregiver Burden of Patients With Huntington’s Disease in South Korea: Chan Young Lee, Chaewon Shin, Yun Su Hwang, Eungseok Oh, Manho Kim, Hyun Sook Kim, Sun Ju Chung, Young Hee Sung, Won Tae Yoon, Jin Whan Cho, Jae-Hyeok Lee, Han-Joon Kim, Hee Jin Chang, Beomseok Jeon, Kyung Ah Woo, Seong-Beom Koh, Kyum-Yil Kwon, Jangsup Moon, Young Eun Kim, Jee-Young Lee; J Mov Disord. 2024;17(1):30-37. Published online September 11, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.23134

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Objective
This is the first prospective cohort study of Huntington’s disease (HD) in Korea. This study aimed to investigate the caregiver burden in relation to the characteristics of patients and caregivers.
Methods
From August 2020 to February 2022, we enrolled patients with HD from 13 university hospitals in Korea. We used the 12-item Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI-12) to evaluate the caregiver burden. We evaluated the clinical associations of the ZBI-12 scores by linear regression analysis and investigated the differences between the low- and high-burden groups.
Results
Sixty-five patients with HD and 45 caregivers were enrolled in this cohort study. The average age at onset of motor symptoms was 49.3 ± 12.3 years, with an average cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG)n of 42.9 ± 4.0 (38–65). The median ZBI-12 score among our caregivers was 17.6 ± 14.2. A higher caregiver burden was associated with a more severe Shoulson–Fahn stage (p = 0.038) of the patients. A higher ZBI-12 score was also associated with lower independence scale (B = -0.154, p = 0.006) and functional capacity (B = -1.082, p = 0.002) scores of patients. The caregiving duration was longer in the high- than in the low-burden group. Caregivers’ demographics, blood relation, and marital and social status did not affect the burden significantly.
Conclusion
HD patients’ neurological status exerts an enormous impact on the caregiver burden regardless of the demographic or social status of the caregiver. This study emphasizes the need to establish an optimal support system for families dealing with HD in Korea. A future longitudinal analysis could help us understand how disease progression aggravates the caregiver burden throughout the entire disease course.

Review Articles

Nine Hereditary Movement Disorders First Described in Asia: Their History and Evolution: Priya Jagota, Yoshikazu Ugawa, Zakiyah Aldaajani, Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim, Hiroyuki Ishiura, Yoshiko Nomura, Shoji Tsuji, Cid Diesta, Nobutaka Hattori, Osamu Onodera, Saeed Bohlega, Amir Al-Din, Shen-Yang Lim, Jee-Young Lee, Beomseok Jeon, Pramod Kumar Pal, Huifang Shang, Shinsuke Fujioka, Prashanth Lingappa Kukkle, Onanong Phokaewvarangkul, Chin-Hsien Lin, Cholpon Shambetova, Roongroj Bhidayasiri; J Mov Disord. 2023;16(3):231-247. Published online June 13, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.23065

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Clinical case studies and reporting are important to the discovery of new disorders and the advancement of medical sciences. Both clinicians and basic scientists play equally important roles leading to treatment discoveries for both cures and symptoms. In the field of movement disorders, exceptional observation of patients from clinicians is imperative, not just for phenomenology but also for the variable occurrences of these disorders, along with other signs and symptoms, throughout the day and the disease course. The Movement Disorders in Asia Task Force (TF) was formed to help enhance and promote collaboration and research on movement disorders within the region. As a start, the TF has reviewed the original studies of the movement disorders that were preliminarily described in the region. These include nine disorders that were first described in Asia: Segawa disease, PARK-Parkin, X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism, dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy, Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome, benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy, Kufor-Rakeb disease, tremulous dystonia associated with mutation of the calmodulin-binding transcription activator 2 gene, and paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia. We hope that the information provided will honor the original researchers and help us learn and understand how earlier neurologists and basic scientists together discovered new disorders and made advances in the field, which impact us all to this day.

Historical and More Common Nongenetic Movement Disorders From Asia: Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim, Priya Jagota, Pramod Kumar Pal, Roongroj Bhidayasiri, Shen-Yang Lim, Yoshikazu Ugawa, Zakiyah Aldaajani, Beomseok Jeon, Shinsuke Fujioka, Jee-Young Lee, Prashanth Lingappa Kukkle, Huifang Shang, Onanong Phokaewvarangkul, Cid Diesta, Cholpon Shambetova, Chin-Hsien Lin; J Mov Disord. 2023;16(3):248-260. Published online June 9, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.22224

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Nongenetic movement disorders are common throughout the world. The movement disorders encountered may vary depending on the prevalence of certain disorders across various geographical regions. In this paper, we review historical and more common nongenetic movement disorders in Asia. The underlying causes of these movement disorders are diverse and include, among others, nutritional deficiencies, toxic and metabolic causes, and cultural Latah syndrome, contributed by geographical, economic, and cultural differences across Asia. The industrial revolution in Japan and Korea has led to diseases related to environmental toxin poisoning, such as Minamata disease and β-fluoroethyl acetate-associated cerebellar degeneration, respectively, while religious dietary restriction in the Indian subcontinent has led to infantile tremor syndrome related to vitamin B12 deficiency. In this review, we identify the salient features and key contributing factors in the development of these disorders.

Citations

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Diabetic striatopathy and other acute onset de novo movement disorders in hyperglycemia
Subhankar Chatterjee, Ritwik Ghosh, Payel Biswas, Shambaditya Das, Samya Sengupta, Souvik Dubey, Biman Kanti Ray, Alak Pandit, Julián Benito-León, Rana Bhattacharjee
Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews.2024; 18(3): 102997. CrossRef

Brief communications

Validity and Reliability of the Korean-Translated Version of the International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale in Cerebellar Ataxia: Jinse Park, Jin Whan Cho, Jinyoung Youn, Engseok Oh, Wooyoung Jang, Joong-Seok Kim, Yoon-Sang Oh, Hyungyoung Hwang, Chang-Hwan Ryu, Jin-Young Ahn, Jee-Young Lee, Seong-Beom Koh, Jae H. Park, Hee-Tae Kim; J Mov Disord. 2023;16(1):86-90. Published online December 20, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.22137

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Objective
The International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS) is a semiquantitative clinical scale for ataxia that is widely used in numerous countries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Korean-translated version of the ICARS.
Methods
Eighty-eight patients who presented with cerebellar ataxia were enrolled. We investigated the construct validity using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). We also investigated the internal consistency using Cronbach’s α and intrarater and interrater reliability using intraclass correlation coefficients.
Results
The Korean-translated ICARS showed satisfactory construct validity using EFA and CFA. It also revealed good interrater and intrarater reliability and showed acceptable internal consistency. However, subscale 4 for assessing oculomotor disorder showed moderate internal consistency.
Conclusion
This is the first report to investigate the validity and reliability of the Korean-translated ICARS. Our results showed excellent construct and convergent validity. The reliability is also acceptable.

Investigation of Nocturnal Hypokinesia and Health-Related Quality of Life in Parkinsonian Patients with the Korean Version of the Nocturnal Hypokinesia Questionnaire: Ji-Hyun Choi, Jee-Young Lee, Chaewon Shin, Dallah Yoo, Jin Hee Im, Kyung Ah Woo, Han-Joon Kim, Tae-Beom Ahn, Jong-Min Kim, Beomseok Jeon; J Mov Disord. 2021;14(3):221-225. Published online May 26, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.20172

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Objective
To assess nocturnal hypokinesia using the Korean version of the Nocturnal Hypokinesia Questionnaire (NHQ-K) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients across disease stages.
Methods
We developed the NHQ-K and performed questionnaire-based interviews with 108 PD patients from three referral hospitals. Clinical associations of nocturnal hypokinesia and its impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were also analyzed.
Results
The NHQ-K showed acceptable internal consistency (0.83) and interrater reliability (0.95). Nocturnal hypokinesia significantly affected HRQoL in PD patients at both the early and advanced stages (adjusted p < 0.001). Increased severity of nocturnal hypokinesia was associated with dyskinesias, off-period disability, apathy, and anxious mood in PD patients (adjusted p < 0.01) after controlling for disease severity and medication dose.
Conclusion
The NHQ-K is useful for screening nocturnal hypokinesia in PD patients. Given the high impact of nocturnal hypokinesia on HRQoL, comprehensive management of nocturnal disability is needed for PD patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Technological evaluation of strategies to get out of bed by people with Parkinson's disease: Insights from multisite wearable sensors
Jirada Sringean, Chusak Thanawattano, Roongroj Bhidayasiri
Frontiers in Medical Technology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

Original Article

Nonmotor and Dopamine Transporter Change in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder by Olfactory Impairment: Jee-Young Lee, Eun Jin Yoon, Yu Kyeong Kim, Chae Won Shin, Hyunwoo Nam, Jae Min Jeong, Han-Joon Kim, Beomseok Jeon; J Mov Disord. 2019;12(2):103-112. Published online May 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.18061

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Objective
It is unclear whether the decline in dopamine transporters (DAT) differs among idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) patients with different levels of olfactory impairment. This study aimed to characterize DAT changes in relation to nonmotor features in iRBD patients by olfactory loss.
Methods
This prospective cohort study consisted of three age-matched groups: 30 polysomnography-confirmed iRBD patients, 30 drug-naïve Parkinson’s disease patients, and 19 healthy controls without olfactory impairment. The iRBD group was divided into two groups based on olfactory testing results. Participants were evaluated for reported prodromal markers and then underwent 18F-FP-CIT positron emission tomography and 3T MRI. Tracer uptakes were analyzed in the caudate, anterior and posterior putamen, substantia nigra, and raphe nuclei.
Results
Olfactory impairment was defined in 38.5% of iRBD patients. Mild parkinsonian signs and cognitive functions were not different between the two iRBD subgroups; however, additional prodromal features, constipation, and urinary and sexual dysfunctions were found in iRBD patients with olfactory impairment but not in those without. Tracer uptake showed significant group differences in all brain regions, except the raphe nuclei. The iRBD patients with olfactory impairment had uptake reductions in the anterior and posterior putamen, caudate, and substantia nigra (p < 0.016 in all, adjusted for age), which ranged from 0.6 to 0.8 of age-normative values. In contrast, those without olfactory impairment had insignificant changes in all regions ranging above 0.8.
Conclusion
There was a clear distinction in DAT loss and nonmotor profiles by olfactory status in iRBD.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Neuropsychological Changes in Isolated REM Sleep Behavior Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Studies
Caterina Leitner, Giada D’Este, Laura Verga, Shady Rahayel, Samantha Mombelli, Marco Sforza, Francesca Casoni, Marco Zucconi, Luigi Ferini-Strambi, Andrea Galbiati
Neuropsychology Review.2024; 34(1): 41. CrossRef
Dopamine transporter positron emission tomography in patients with Alzheimer’s disease with Lewy body disease features
Sungwoo Kang, Seun Jeon, Young-gun Lee, Byoung Seok Ye
Neurobiology of Aging.2024; 134: 57. CrossRef
Imaging Procedure and Clinical Studies of [18F]FP-CIT PET
Changhwan Sung, Seung Jun Oh, Jae Seung Kim
Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Validation of the REM behaviour disorder phenoconversion-related pattern in an independent cohort
Beatrice Orso, Pietro Mattioli, Eun-Jin Yoon, Yu Kyeong Kim, Heejung Kim, Jung Hwan Shin, Ryul Kim, Claudio Liguori, Francesco Famà, Andrea Donniaquio, Federico Massa, David Vállez García, Sanne K. Meles, Klaus L. Leenders, Agostino Chiaravalloti, Matteo
Neurological Sciences.2023; 44(9): 3161. CrossRef
Neurofilament light chain and cardiac MIBG uptake as predictors for phenoconversion in isolated REM sleep behavior disorder
Don Gueu Park, Ju Yeong Kim, Min Seung Kim, Mi Hee Kim, Young-Sil An, Jaerak Chang, Jung Han Yoon
Journal of Neurology.2023; 270(9): 4393. CrossRef
Longitudinal evolution of cortical thickness signature reflecting Lewy body dementia in isolated REM sleep behavior disorder: a prospective cohort study
Jung Hwan Shin, Heejung Kim, Yu Kyeong Kim, Eun Jin Yoon, Hyunwoo Nam, Beomseok Jeon, Jee-Young Lee
Translational Neurodegeneration.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Brain olfactory‐related atrophy in isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder
Kyung Ah Woo, Heejung Kim, Eun Jin Yoon, Jung Hwan Shin, Hyunwoo Nam, Beomseok Jeon, Yu Kyeong Kim, Jee‐Young Lee
Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology.2023; 10(12): 2192. CrossRef
Monoaminergic Degeneration and Ocular Motor Abnormalities in De Novo Parkinson's Disease
Kyung Ah Woo, Joo Hong Joun, Eun Jin Yoon, Chan Young Lee, Beomseok Jeon, Yu Kyeong Kim, Jee‐Young Lee
Movement Disorders.2023; 38(12): 2291. CrossRef
Altered cerebral perfusion and microstructure in advanced Parkinson’s disease and their associations with clinical features
Zhaoxi Liu, Yiwei Zhang, Han Wang, Dan Xu, Hui You, Zhentao Zuo, Feng Feng
Neurological Research.2022; 44(1): 47. CrossRef
Brain Neuroimaging of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review
Rafail Matzaras, Kuangyu Shi, Artemios Artemiadis, Panagiotis Zis, Georgios Hadjigeorgiou, Axel Rominger, Claudio L.A. Bassetti, Panagiotis Bargiotas
Journal of Parkinson's Disease.2022; 12(1): 69. CrossRef
Odor Identification by Parkinson’s Disease Patients Tested by Using Sniffin’ Sticks versus Natural Spices
Florence Baert, Geertrui Vlaemynck, Jarissa Maselyne, Christophe Matthys, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad
Parkinson's Disease.2022; 2022: 1. CrossRef
Brain Metabolic Correlates of Dopaminergic Denervation in Prodromal and Early Parkinson's Disease
Ryul Kim, Heejung Kim, Yu Kyeong Kim, Eun Jin Yoon, Hyun Woo Nam, Beomseok Jeon, Jee‐Young Lee
Movement Disorders.2022; 37(10): 2099. CrossRef
Longitudinal Changes in Isolated Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder‐Related Metabolic Pattern Expression
Ryul Kim, Jee‐Young Lee, Yu Kyeong Kim, Heejung Kim, Eun Jin Yoon, Jung Hwan Shin, Dallah Yoo, Hyunwoo Nam, Beomseok Jeon
Movement Disorders.2021; 36(8): 1889. CrossRef
Parkinson Disease-Related Brain Metabolic Patterns and Neurodegeneration in Isolated REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
Jung Hwan Shin, Jee-Young Lee, Yu-Kyeong Kim, Eun Jin Yoon, Heejung Kim, Hyunwoo Nam, Beomseok Jeon
Neurology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Retina Thickness as a Marker of Neurodegeneration in Prodromal Lewy Body Disease
Jee‐Young Lee, Jeeyun Ahn, Sohee Oh, Joo Young Shin, Yu Kyeong Kim, Hyunwoo Nam, Beomseok Jeon
Movement Disorders.2020; 35(2): 349. CrossRef
Serum TNF-α and neurodegeneration in isolated REM sleep behavior disorder
Ryul Kim, Jee-Young Lee, Han-Joon Kim, Yu Kyeong Kim, Hyunwoo Nam, Beomseok Jeon
Parkinsonism & Related Disorders.2020; 81: 1. CrossRef
Longitudinal change in dopamine transporter availability in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder
Jung Hwan Shin, Jee-Young Lee, Yu-Kyeong Kim, Sung-A Shin, Heejung Kim, Hyunwoo Nam, Beomseok Jeon
Neurology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

Case Report

A Patient with Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 Presenting as Parkinsonism: Ji-Hyun Choi, Jee-Young Lee, Han-Joon Kim, Beomseok Jeon; J Mov Disord. 2018;11(3):145-148. Published online September 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.18028

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Abstract PDF: The current body of literature contains 5 reports of myotonic dystrophy (DM) with parkinsonism: 4 reports of DM type 2 and 1 report of clinically suspected DM type 1. To date, there have been no genetically proven cases of DM type 1 with parkinsonism. Here, we report the first case of genetically proven DM type 1 and parkinsonism that developed ahead of muscle symptoms with bilateral putaminal, presynaptic dopaminergic deficits on imaging. A 54-year-old female patient presented with bradykinesia, axial and bilateral limb rigidity, stooped posture, and hypomimia, which did not respond to levodopa. At age 56, she developed neck flexion weakness. Examination showed bilateral facial weakness, percussion and grip myotonia, and electromyography confirmed myotonic discharges. A genetic study of DM type 1 showed a DMPK mutation. At age 58, gait freezing, postural instability, and frequent falling developed and did not respond to increasing doses of levodopa. At age 59, the patient died from asphyxia.

Original Articles

Validation of the Korean Version of the Scale for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease-Autonomic: Ji-Young Kim, In-Uk Song, Seong-Beom Koh, Tae-Beom Ahn, Sang Jin Kim, Sang-Myung Cheon, Jin Whan Cho, Yun Joong Kim, Hyeo-Il Ma, Mee-Young Park, Jong Sam Baik, Phil Hyu Lee, Sun Ju Chung, Jong-Min Kim, Han-Joon Kim, Young-Hee Sung, Do Young Kwon, Jae-Hyeok Lee, Jee-Young Lee, Ji Sun Kim, Ji Young Yun, Hee Jin Kim, Jin Young Hong, Mi-Jung Kim, Jinyoung Youn, Ji Seon Kim, Eung Seok Oh, Hui-Jun Yang, Won Tae Yoon, Sooyeoun You, Kyum-Yil Kwon, Hyung-Eun Park, Su-Yun Lee, Younsoo Kim, Hee-Tae Kim, Joong-Seok Kim; J Mov Disord. 2017;10(1):29-34. Published online January 18, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.16057

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Objective
Autonomic symptoms are commonly observed in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and often limit the activities of daily living. The Scale for Outcomes in Parkinson’s disease-Autonomic (SCOPA-AUT) was developed to evaluate and quantify autonomic symptoms in PD. The goal of this study was to translate the original SCOPA-AUT, which was written in English, into Korean and to evaluate its reliability and validity for Korean PD patients.
Methods
For the translation, the following processes were performed: forward translation, backward translation, expert review, pretest of the pre-final version and development of the final Korean version of SCOPA-AUT (K-SCOPA-AUT). In total, 127 patients with PD from 31 movement disorder clinics of university-affiliated hospitals in Korea were enrolled in this study. All patients were assessed using the K-SCOPA-AUT and other motor, non-motor, and quality of life scores. Test-retest reliability for the K-SCOPA-AUT was assessed over a time interval of 10−14 days.
Results
The internal consistency and reliability of the K-SCOPA-AUT was 0.727 as measured by the mean Cronbach’s α-coefficient. The test-retest correlation reliability was 0.859 by the Guttman split-half coefficient. The total K-SCOPA-AUT score showed a positive correlation with other non-motor symptoms [the Korean version of non-motor symptom scale (K-NMSS)], activities of daily living (Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part II) and quality of life [the Korean version of Parkinson’s Disease Quality of Life 39 (K-PDQ39)].
Conclusion
The K-SCOPA-AUT had good reliability and validity for the assessment of autonomic dysfunction in Korean PD patients. Autonomic symptom severities were associated with many other motor and non-motor impairments and influenced quality of life.

Citations

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Lanqing Yang, Huan Gao, Min Ye
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Association Between Gait and Dysautonomia in Patients With De Novo Parkinson’s Disease: Forward Gait Versus Backward Gait
Seon-Min Lee, Mina Lee, Eun Ji Lee, Rae On Kim, Yongduk Kim, Kyum-Yil Kwon
Journal of Movement Disorders.2023; 16(1): 59. CrossRef
Beyond shallow feelings of complex affect: Non-motor correlates of subjective emotional experience in Parkinson’s disease
Claudia Carricarte Naranjo, Claudia Sánchez Luaces, Ivonne Pedroso Ibáñez, Andrés Machado, Hichem Sahli, María Antonieta Bobes, Vincenzo De Luca
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Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Jung Kyung Hong, Jong-Min Kim, Ki-woong Kim, Ji Won Han, Soyeon Ahn, In-Young Yoon
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Aksel Berg, Sára Bech, Jan Aasly, Matthew J. Farrer, Maria Skaalum Petersen
Neuroscience Letters.2022; 785: 136789. CrossRef
Prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms, urinary incontinence and retention in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Fang-Fei Li, Yu-Sha Cui, Rui Yan, Shuang-Shuang Cao, Tao Feng
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
White matter tract-specific microstructural disruption is associated with depressive symptoms in isolated RBD
Jung-Ick Byun, Seunghwan Oh, Jun-Sang Sunwoo, Jung-Won Shin, Tae-Joon Kim, Jin-Sun Jun, Han-Joon Kim, Won Chul Shin, Joon-Kyung Seong, Ki-Young Jung
NeuroImage: Clinical.2022; 36: 103186. CrossRef
Comparison of disease progression between brain-predominant Parkinson's disease versus Parkinson's disease with body-involvement phenotypes
Dong-Woo Ryu, Sang-Won Yoo, Yoon-Sang Oh, Kwang-Soo Lee, Seunggyun Ha, Joong-Seok Kim
Neurobiology of Disease.2022; 174: 105883. CrossRef
Corneal confocal microscopy differentiates patients with Parkinson’s disease with and without autonomic involvement
Ning-Ning Che, Shuai Chen, Qiu-Huan Jiang, Si-Yuan Chen, Zhen-Xiang Zhao, Xue Li, Rayaz A. Malik, Jian-Jun Ma, Hong-Qi Yang
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Association of Nucleus Basalis of Meynert Functional Connectivity and Cognition in Idiopathic Rapid-Eye-Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder
Jung-Ick Byun, Kwang Su Cha, Minah Kim, Woo-Jin Lee, Han Sang Lee, Jun-Sang Sunwoo, Jung-Won Shin, Tae-Joon Kim, Jin-Sun Jun, Han-Joon Kim, Won Chul Shin, Carlos H. Schenck, Sang Kun Lee, Ki-Young Jung
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White Matter Tract-Specific Microstructural Disruption is Associated with Depressive Symptoms in Isolated Rbd
Jung-Ick Byun, Seunghwan Oh, Jun-Sang Sunwoo, Jung-Won Shin, Tae-Joon Kim, Jin-Sun Jun, Han-Joon Kim, Won Chul Shin, Joon-Kyung Seong, Ki-Young Jung
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Altered insular functional connectivity in isolated REM sleep behavior disorder: a data-driven functional MRI study
Jung-Ick Byun, Kwang Su Cha, Minah Kim, Woo-Jin Lee, Han Sang Lee, Jun-Sang Sunwoo, Jung-Won Shin, Tae-Joon Kim, Jangsup Moon, Soon-Tae Lee, Keun-Hwa Jung, Kon Chu, Man-Ho Kim, Han-Joon Kim, Won Chul Shin, Sang Kun Lee, Ki-Young Jung
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Association of fall risk factors and non-motor symptoms in patients with early Parkinson’s disease
Kyum-Yil Kwon, Suyeon Park, Eun Ji Lee, Mina Lee, Hyunjin Ju
Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Impact of motor subtype on non‐motor symptoms and fall‐related features in patients with early Parkinson's disease
Kyum‐Yil Kwon, Eun Ji Lee, Mina Lee, Hyunjin Ju, Kayeong Im
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Extra-basal ganglia iron content and non-motor symptoms in drug-naïve, early Parkinson’s disease
Minkyeong Kim, Seulki Yoo, Doyeon Kim, Jin Whan Cho, Ji Sun Kim, Jong Hyun Ahn, Jun Kyu Mun, Inyoung Choi, Seung-Kyun Lee, Jinyoung Youn
Neurological Sciences.2021; 42(12): 5297. CrossRef
Clinical Assessment Scales in Autonomic Nervous System Disorders
Eun Bin Cho, Ki-Jong Park
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Cardiac sympathetic burden reflects Parkinson disease burden, regardless of high or low orthostatic blood pressure changes
Sang-Won Yoo, Joong-Seok Kim, Yoon-Sang Oh, Dong-Woo Ryu, Seunggyun Ha, Ji-Yeon Yoo, Kwang-Soo Lee
npj Parkinson's Disease.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Understanding fatigue in progressive supranuclear palsy
Jong Hyeon Ahn, Joomee Song, Dong Yeong Lee, Jinyoung Youn, Jin Whan Cho
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Validation of the Korean version of the composite autonomic symptom scale 31 in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Jong Hyeon Ahn, Jin Myoung Seok, Jongkyu Park, Heejeong Jeong, Younsoo Kim, Joomee Song, Inyoung Choi, Jin Whan Cho, Ju-Hong Min, Byoung Joon Kim, Jinyoung Youn, Antonina Luca
PLOS ONE.2021; 16(10): e0258897. CrossRef
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Sooyeoun You, Kyoung Sook Won, Keun Tae Kim, Hyang Woon Lee, Yong Won Cho
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Clinical Heterogeneity of Atypical Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration in Koreans: Jae-Hyeok Lee, Jongkyu Park, Ho-Sung Ryu, Hyeyoung Park, Young Eun Kim, Jin Yong Hong, Sang Ook Nam, Young-Hee Sung, Seung-Hwan Lee, Jee-Young Lee, Myung Jun Lee, Tae-Hyoung Kim, Chul Hyoung Lyoo, Sun Ju Chung, Seong Beom Koh, Phil Hyu Lee, Jin Whan Cho, Mee Young Park, Yun Joong Kim, Young H. Sohn, Beom Seok Jeon, Myung Sik Lee; J Mov Disord. 2016;9(1):20-27. Published online January 25, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.15058

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Objective
Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) represents a group of inherited movement disorders characterized by iron accumulation in the basal ganglia. Recent advances have included the identification of new causative genes and highlighted the wide phenotypic variation between and within the specific NBIA subtypes. This study aimed to investigate the current status of NBIA in Korea.
Methods
We collected genetically confirmed NBIA patients from twelve nationwide referral hospitals and from a review of the literature. We conducted a study to describe the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Korean adults with atypical pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN).
Results
Four subtypes of NBIA including PKAN (n = 30), PLA2G6-related neurodegeneration (n = 2), beta-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (n = 1), and aceruloplasminemia (n = 1) have been identified in the Korean population. The clinical features of fifteen adults with atypical PKAN included early focal limb dystonia, parkinsonism-predominant feature, oromandibular dystonia, and isolated freezing of gait (FOG). Patients with a higher age of onset tended to present with parkinsonism and FOG. The p.R440P and p.D378G mutations are two major mutations that represent approximately 50% of the mutated alleles. Although there were no specific genotype-phenotype correlations, most patients carrying the p.D378G mutation had a late-onset, atypical form of PKAN.
Conclusions
We found considerable phenotypic heterogeneity in Korean adults with atypical PKAN. The age of onset may influence the presentation of extrapyramidal symptoms.

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Letter to the editor

Dural Arteriovenous Fistula-Associated Reversible Parkinsonism with Presynaptic Dopaminergic Loss: Hang Rai Kim, Jee-Young Lee, Yu Kyeong Kim, Hyeyoung Park, Han-Joon Kim, Young-Je Son, Beom Seok Jeon; J Mov Disord. 2015;8(3):141-143. Published online September 10, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.15021

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Review Article

Maladaptive Reward-Learning and Impulse Control Disorders in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Clinical Overview and Pathophysiology Update: Jee-Young Lee, Beom Seok Jeon; J Mov Disord. 2014;7(2):67-76. Published online October 30, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.14010

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Abstract PDF

Impulse control disorders (ICD) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are a disabling non-motor symptom with frequencies of 13–35% among patients receiving dopamine replacement therapy. ICD in PD is strongly associated with dopaminergic drug use, especially non-ergot dopamine agonists (DA). However, individual susceptibility and disease-related neural changes are also important contributors to the development of ICD. Discrepancies between nigrostriatal and mesolimbic dopaminergic degeneration and non-physiological administration of dopaminergic drugs may induce abnormal ’hyperstimulation’ of the mesolimbic system, which alters reward-learning behaviors in PD patients. In addition, DA can make patients more impulsive during decision-making and seek risk-taking behaviors. DA intake is also related to the biased representation of rewards. Ultimately, loss of negative feedback control due to dysfunctional frontostriatal connections is necessary for the establishment of ICD in PD. The subsequent behavioral and neural changes are affected by PD treatment and disease progression; thus, proper treatment guidelines for physicians are needed to prevent the development of ICD. Future studies aimed at producing novel therapeutics to control the risk factors for ICD or treat ICD behaviors in PD are warranted. This review summarizes recent advances from epidemiological and pathophysiological studies on ICD in PD. Management principles and limitations of current therapeutics are briefly discussed.

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